<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471</id><updated>2010-04-01T15:14:02.096-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Will Bruzzo's Blog</title><subtitle type='html'>Criminal Defense | Drunk Driving | Military Law</subtitle><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25'/><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/rss.xml'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>100</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-8212318994987273771</id><published>2010-04-01T15:13:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2010-04-01T15:13:59.208-07:00</updated><title type='text'>This blog has moved</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;       This blog is now located at http://blog.bruzzolaw.com/.&lt;br /&gt;       You will be automatically redirected in 30 seconds, or you may click &lt;a href='http://blog.bruzzolaw.com/'&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;       For feed subscribers, please update your feed subscriptions to&lt;br /&gt;       http://blog.bruzzolaw.com/feeds/posts/default.&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-8212318994987273771?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/8212318994987273771/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/04/this-blog-has-moved.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/8212318994987273771'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/8212318994987273771'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/04/this-blog-has-moved.html' title='This blog has moved'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-5470939781617369302</id><published>2010-03-29T10:30:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-03-29T11:35:59.052-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='califonia-law'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='california-penal-code'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bruzzo'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='sexual-intercourse'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='debra-ayala-tapia'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='tapia'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='felony-lewd-lascivious-acts'/><title type='text'>Woman Arrested for having 15 Year Olds Baby</title><content type='html'>38-year-old Debra Ayala Tapia was arrested March 23, 2010 on suspicion of felony lewd and lascivious acts with a child ages 14 and 15 and felony oral copulation with a child under 16 years of age (&lt;a href="http://www.bruzzolaw.com/criminal-charges/sex-cases.html"target="_blank"&gt;California Penal Code Section 288&lt;/a&gt;). Her bail was set at $100,000.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tapia is said to have had a sexual relationship with a 15-year-old boy in the Santa Ana neighborhood of Orange County and then having his child in November 2009. The boy's mother learned of the relationship when she found letters that Tapia wrote to her son. She then talked to her son and found out that he had sexual intercourse with Tapia, who was married at the time with three children of her own. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here is video coverage from KABC7-Eyewitness News&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;object id="otvPlayer" width="400" height="268"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://cdn.abclocal.go.com/static/flash/embeddedPlayer/swf/otvEmLoader.swf?version=&amp;station=kabc&amp;section=&amp;mediaId=7349253&amp;cdnRoot=http://cdn.abclocal.go.com&amp;webRoot=http://abclocal.go.com&amp;site=" &gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowNetworking" value="all"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;embed id="otvPlayer" width="400" height="268" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"  allowscriptaccess="always" allownetworking="all" allowfullscreen="true"  src="http://cdn.abclocal.go.com/static/flash/embeddedPlayer/swf/otvEmLoader.swf?version=&amp;station=kabc&amp;section=&amp;mediaId=7349253&amp;cdnRoot=http://cdn.abclocal.go.com&amp;webRoot=http://abclocal.go.com&amp;site="&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-5470939781617369302?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://cli.gs/law' title='Woman Arrested for having 15 Year Olds Baby'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/5470939781617369302/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/woman-arrested-15-year-olds-baby.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/5470939781617369302'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/5470939781617369302'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/woman-arrested-15-year-olds-baby.html' title='Woman Arrested for having 15 Year Olds Baby'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-5400999062923552315</id><published>2010-03-26T10:24:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-03-26T10:42:30.599-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='pro-nude-beach-groups'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bruzzo'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='nudity'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='municipal-codes'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='incarceration'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='san-onofre'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='nudity-law'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='nudists'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='california-court-appeal'/><title type='text'>Don't Forget Your Sunscreen</title><content type='html'>As the beach weather returns sun bathers at San Onofre State Beach will be facing enforcement against nudists. There is a disagreement on whether the beach should allow nudity. The California Court of Appeal decided that the Cahil Policy was not a valid measure because it had not been passed through proper procedures for approval. That policy meant that nudity was allowed unless there was a citizen complaint to authorities who could then cite the nudist. There are those that argue that the policy is valid and officials should not be able to cite beach goers without swim wear. Over the weekend there were two people cited for nudity at the beach. It was estimated that the ticket, including fees would be roughly $500. State park officials explain that they have been informing the public they will start issuing citations and that the public has had ample warning of the new policies. The pro nude beach groups intend to work on keeping San Onofre clothing optional. A person found in violation of the nudity law could be cited under various municipal code sections and subject to incarceration and/or fines.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here is a video compliments of ocregister.com&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;object id="flashObj" width="425" height="288" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,47,0"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://c.brightcove.com/services/viewer/federated_f9/47552158001?isVid=1&amp;publisherID=987209017" /&gt;&lt;param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" /&gt;&lt;param name="flashVars" value="videoId=39953206001&amp;linkBaseURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocregister.com%2Fnews%2Fstate-240551-beach-nudity.html&amp;playerID=47552158001&amp;domain=embed&amp;" /&gt;&lt;param name="base" value="http://admin.brightcove.com" /&gt;&lt;param name="seamlesstabbing" value="false" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="swLiveConnect" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /&gt;&lt;embed src="http://c.brightcove.com/services/viewer/federated_f9/47552158001?isVid=1&amp;publisherID=987209017" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" flashVars="videoId=39953206001&amp;linkBaseURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocregister.com%2Fnews%2Fstate-240551-beach-nudity.html&amp;playerID=47552158001&amp;domain=embed&amp;" base="http://admin.brightcove.com" name="flashObj" width="425" height="288" seamlesstabbing="false" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowFullScreen="true" swLiveConnect="true" allowScriptAccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/index.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-5400999062923552315?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/dont-forget-your-sunscreen.html' title='Don&apos;t Forget Your Sunscreen'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/5400999062923552315/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/dont-forget-your-sunscreen.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/5400999062923552315'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/5400999062923552315'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/dont-forget-your-sunscreen.html' title='Don&apos;t Forget Your Sunscreen'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-1085969813411668617</id><published>2010-03-25T09:15:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-03-25T10:40:05.360-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='califorinia'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='dmv'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='domestic-viloence'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='westminster-police'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='felony'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='william-arganda'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='federal-law'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='penal-code'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='misdemeanor'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='arganda'/><title type='text'>Former Westminster Sergeant Guilty Of Domestic Violence</title><content type='html'>William Arganda, former Westminster police sergeant in Orange County, California, an 18 year veteran with the force, was sentenced to three years informal probation, 100 hours community service and five days of service at the California Department of Transportation. Arganda pleaded guilty to misdemeanor charges of domestic violence and unlawful disclosure of DMV records. He was accused of using the CLETS system (which connects to DMV, state and federal law-enforcement databases) for personal rather than professional reasons. Arganda was said to have used the databases to meet women, look up names and license plates, and keep an eye on his ex-wife and ex-girlfriends. He was eventually fired from the department for doing so. Domestic Violence can be charged as a felony or a misdemeanor under &lt;a href="http://www.bruzzolaw.com/criminal-charges/domestic-violence.html"target="_blank"&gt;Penal Code Sections 273.5 and 243(e) (1)&lt;/a&gt;;as misdemeanors both charges carry a maximum punishment of 1 year in the county jail. As felonies both charges carry a maximum of 3 years in state prison. In addition, if a Defendant is found guilty of these charges or pleads guilty he/she must complete a 52-week batterer's course, 8 hours of community service and pay about $800.00 in fines, fees and "donations". A skillful attorney can help you avoid a conviction under this code section and/or custody time depending on your individual facts. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-1085969813411668617?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/westminster-sergeant-guilty-domestic.html' title='Former Westminster Sergeant Guilty Of Domestic Violence'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/1085969813411668617/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/westminster-sergeant-guilty-domestic.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/1085969813411668617'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/1085969813411668617'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/westminster-sergeant-guilty-domestic.html' title='Former Westminster Sergeant Guilty Of Domestic Violence'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-4640887749047907243</id><published>2010-03-24T11:18:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-03-24T11:45:22.802-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='los-angeles-times'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='law'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bruzzo'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='federal-judges'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='university-california'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='california'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='prison-healthcare'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='prisons'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='inmates'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='medical'/><title type='text'>California Prisons go 'In House' for Health Care</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/uploaded_images/prisonhealth-778755.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="320" src="http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/uploaded_images/prisonhealth-778752.jpg" width="256" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;In an effort to curb state spending and move toward greater efficiency in inmate healthcare, Gov. Schwarzenegger is proposing to have the University of California provide medical attention to state inmates. This move would could save California $300 billion this year alone according to the Los Angeles Times article. In order to reduce spending the new system would include electronic record keeping that can be easily accessed by doctors, buying medicines in bulk, and using video communication between doctors and inmate patients. The state would no longer send inmates to community hospitals instead the prisons would send their inmates to hospitals designated under the plan. Some details still have to be worked out with worker's unions for current employees that might have to be let go or work within the new system. Also, any concerns lawmakers or federal judges may have still need to be considered. Oversight of the prison healthcare service would be removed from federal judges and taken on by the University of California. A state agency comprised of governor appointees, federal court representatives, and correctional administrators would check the UC and make sure care and spending are appropriate. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-4640887749047907243?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/california-prisons-in-house-health-care.html' title='California Prisons go &apos;In House&apos; for Health Care'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/4640887749047907243/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/california-prisons-in-house-health-care.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/4640887749047907243'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/4640887749047907243'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/california-prisons-in-house-health-care.html' title='California Prisons go &apos;In House&apos; for Health Care'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-5037338696954803459</id><published>2010-03-23T09:49:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-03-23T09:58:56.913-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-country-register'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='imigration'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='homeland-security'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='ice'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='david-venturella'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='law-enforcement'/><title type='text'>Orange County Jail to ID Immigrants for U.S. Government</title><content type='html'>The Orange County jail system debuted their new immigration check program on March 17, 2010. The process uses the Department of Homeland Security database to scan each inmate's fingerprints. The scan detects those who have had "any contact with the immigration system [and] flags immigration officials" according to the Orange County Register. An immigration hold can then be placed on the person; ICE then has 40 hours to pick them up. The scan connects Orange County law enforcement to the federal database and will permit all of those taken in by the police to be checked against the data base. Prior to this new process, those arrested were only asked if they were foreign born. U.S. officials then verified the immigration status of the individuals born outside of the U.S. The purpose of this new program is to identify illegal immigrant criminals, inform immigration officials and then deport them to their country of origin according to executive director David Venturella. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here is a video from the Orange County Register ocregister.com/video&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;object id="flashObj" width="425" height="288" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,47,0"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://c.brightcove.com/services/viewer/federated_f9/47552158001?isVid=1&amp;publisherID=987209017" /&gt;&lt;param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" /&gt;&lt;param name="flashVars" value="videoId=72328617001&amp;linkBaseURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocregister.com%2Fnews%2Fimmigration-239415-officials-program.html&amp;playerID=47552158001&amp;domain=embed&amp;" /&gt;&lt;param name="base" value="http://admin.brightcove.com" /&gt;&lt;param name="seamlesstabbing" value="false" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="swLiveConnect" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /&gt;&lt;embed src="http://c.brightcove.com/services/viewer/federated_f9/47552158001?isVid=1&amp;publisherID=987209017" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" flashVars="videoId=72328617001&amp;linkBaseURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocregister.com%2Fnews%2Fimmigration-239415-officials-program.html&amp;playerID=47552158001&amp;domain=embed&amp;" base="http://admin.brightcove.com" name="flashObj" width="425" height="288" seamlesstabbing="false" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowFullScreen="true" swLiveConnect="true" allowScriptAccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/index.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-5037338696954803459?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://cli.gs/law' title='Orange County Jail to ID Immigrants for U.S. Government'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/5037338696954803459/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/orange-county-jail-id-immigrants.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/5037338696954803459'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/5037338696954803459'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/orange-county-jail-id-immigrants.html' title='Orange County Jail to ID Immigrants for U.S. Government'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-6725153385554622232</id><published>2010-03-22T10:04:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-03-22T10:06:22.012-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='grand-theft'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bolsa-grande'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='saddleback-valley-christian'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='california-penal-code'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bruzzo'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='crime'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='players'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='stolen-gear'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='baseball'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='high-school'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='saddleback'/><title type='text'>Orange County High School Baseball Team Theft</title><content type='html'>Last Wednesday night, on March 10, 2010, $10,000-$12,000 worth of gear was stolen from locked outdoor storage sheds at Bolsa Grande High School in Garden Grove, Orange County. The young players were shocked to find their mitts, bats, helmets, cleats, catching gear and pitching machine all gone. 80% of these items belonged to the players themselves and were purchased with their own money. Because of the unfortunate theft, an opening season game against Saddleback Valley Christian was cancelled. Practices, however, have resumed with the players using older or donated equipment, but it is not the same said one of the players. The booster club will now be meeting to discuss fundraising options as about 70% of the school's students come from economically disadvantaged households and do not have the resources to buy new gear. Perpetrators of the crime can be charged with &lt;a href="http://www.bruzzolaw.com/criminal-charges/theft.html"target="_blank"&gt;Burglary (California Penal Code 459) or Grand Theft (California Penal Code 487(a)&lt;/a&gt; if caught, since they first broke into the sheds and then committed the theft. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here is a March 16, 2010, video from myfoxla.com&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;object type="application/x-shockwave-flash" id="video" width="320" height="280" data="http://www.myfoxla.com/video/videoplayer.swf?dppversion=6494"&gt;&lt;param value="http://www.myfoxla.com/video/videoplayer.swf?dppversion=6494" name="movie"/&gt;&lt;param value="&amp;skin=MP1ExternalAll-MFL.swf&amp;embed=true&amp;adSrc=http%3A%2F%2Fad%2Edoubleclick%2Enet%2Fadx%2Ftsg%2Ekttv%2Fnews%2Fmetro%2Fdetail%3Bdcmt%3Dtext%2Fxml%3Bpos%3D%3Btile%3D2%3Bfname%3Dthieves%2Dsteal%2Dschool%2527s%2Dbaseball%2Dgear%2D20100316%3Bloc%3Dsite%3Bsz%3D320x240%3Bord%3D436474512556761700%3Frand%3D0%2E0005802861856873953&amp;flv=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Emyfoxla%2Ecom%2Ffeeds%2FoutboundFeed%3FobfType%3DVIDEO%5FPLAYER%5FSMIL%5FFEED%26componentId%3D131947406&amp;img=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia2%2Emyfoxla%2Ecom%2F%2Fphoto%2F2010%2F03%2F16%2Fbaseball%5F20100316%5F230211%5Ftmb0001%5F20100316231050%5F640%5F480%2EJPG&amp;story=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Emyfoxla%2Ecom%2Fdpp%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fthieves%2Dsteal%2Dschool%27s%2Dbaseball%2Dgear%2D20100316" name="FlashVars"/&gt;&lt;param value="all" name="allowNetworking"/&gt;&lt;param value="always" name="allowScriptAccess"/&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-6725153385554622232?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://cli.gs/law' title='Orange County High School Baseball Team Theft'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/6725153385554622232/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/orange-county-baseball-team-theft.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/6725153385554622232'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/6725153385554622232'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/orange-county-baseball-team-theft.html' title='Orange County High School Baseball Team Theft'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-1236812440241272259</id><published>2010-03-19T11:49:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-03-19T12:22:15.112-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='death-sentence'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='seattle'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='rodney-alcala'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='ed-berakovich'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='prosecutors'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='murders'/><title type='text'>Orange County Prosecutor: Killer's Photos Could be of Additional Victims</title><content type='html'>Convicted murder &lt;a href="http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2009/11/orange-county-proof-insanity.html"target="_blank"&gt;Rodney Alcala&lt;/a&gt; has again been sentenced to death for two murders from the 1970's. The case gained attention outside of Orange County and has been featured in print and television news as Alcala represented himself on his third trial for multiple murders after the prior trials were reversed on appeal. Alcala also defended himself during the penalty phase of his trial where a jury recommended the death penalty. News reports of his death sentence brought attention to the many photos Alcala took during the 1970's. The Huntington Beach Police Department in Orange County released the photos to the media to see if it generated information from the public regarding the subjects in the photos. According to the Orange County Register prosecutor Matt Murphy expressed a concern that the people depicted in the photos were missing or possible additional victims of Alcala. The police were able to get a search warrant for a storage locker in Seattle and Alcala's home in Monterrey Park. Authorities explained that they have received calls from people stating that they are the subjects in the pictures. Some photos had addresses and the police have followed up with family members at those locations with no one being identified as missing. The photos can be seen on the &lt;a href="http://www.ocregister.com/news/alcala-238591-women-murphy.html"target="_blank"&gt;Orange County Register&lt;/a&gt; website.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Anyone with information can contact Huntington Beach PD Detective Patrick Ellis at 714-375-5066, &lt;a href="pellis@hbpd.org"&gt;pellis@hbpd.org&lt;/a&gt; or Supervising District Attorney Investigator Ed Berakovich at 714-347-8492. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here is an Associated Press video regarding Alcala and the photos:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;object width="340" height="285"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/EyjpwcOOj34&amp;hl=en_US&amp;fs=1&amp;rel=0&amp;color1=0x006699&amp;color2=0x54abd6&amp;border=1"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/EyjpwcOOj34&amp;hl=en_US&amp;fs=1&amp;rel=0&amp;color1=0x006699&amp;color2=0x54abd6&amp;border=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="340" height="285"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-1236812440241272259?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://cli.gs/law' title='Orange County Prosecutor: Killer&apos;s Photos Could be of Additional Victims'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/1236812440241272259/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/orange-county-prosecutor-killers.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/1236812440241272259'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/1236812440241272259'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/orange-county-prosecutor-killers.html' title='Orange County Prosecutor: Killer&apos;s Photos Could be of Additional Victims'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-2532243699462963622</id><published>2010-03-18T10:45:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-03-18T10:45:42.424-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='protopappas'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bruzzo'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='tony-protopappas'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='costa-mesa'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='drug-and-alcohol'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='california'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='dentist'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='life-sentence'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='shwarzeneger'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='second-degree-murder'/><title type='text'>The Deadly Dentist</title><content type='html'>Former Orange County dentist Tony Protopappas convicted of second-degree murder in 1984 has been granted parole by an appellate court. He was convicted for the deaths of three women he had as patients at his Costa Mesa dentistry office. They died from a high dosage of anesthesia. His attorney acknowledges that there are some possible road blocks: the Attorney General office could appeal the decision or Governor Schwarzenegger could change the ruling. His attorney Richard Pfeiffer had told the court that the deaths were when Protopappas was a dentist and that he would no longer be practicing dentistry or administering anesthesia therefore he was not a threat to society. Deputy Attorney General Amy M. Roebuck argued that Protopappas' "drug and alcohol use contributed to his negligence" and that he had not fully accepted responsibility for the deaths. Mr. Protopappas served 25 years of a life sentence. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-2532243699462963622?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://cli.gs/law' title='The Deadly Dentist'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/2532243699462963622/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/deadly-dentist.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/2532243699462963622'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/2532243699462963622'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/deadly-dentist.html' title='The Deadly Dentist'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-667193100284183941</id><published>2010-03-17T10:28:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-03-17T10:38:31.822-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='proof-of-citizenship'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='ice'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='sheriff-hutchens'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='immigration-and-customs-enforcement'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='county-jail'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='sheriff-department'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county-register'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='illegal-immigrants'/><title type='text'>Proposal to House Illegal Immigrants in Orange County Jails</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S6ERD7vtuJI/AAAAAAAAACk/SAojbeGcYuQ/s1600-h/caution.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S6ERD7vtuJI/AAAAAAAAACk/SAojbeGcYuQ/s1600/caution.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;At a council meeting on March 9, 2010, Orange County Sheriff Sandra Hutchens offered a proposal to house 838 U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detainees at two of the Orange County jails - Theo Lacy and James A. Musick Facility. Most of the ICE detainees are former federal, state or local inmates who were unable to provide proof of citizenship at the time of their arrest and were turned over to ICE after serving their sentence. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sheriff Hutchens' proposal was not well-received by both the Mayor and Councilmen. Both were "uncomfortable" with the Sheriff Department's proposal especially since there was an issue of it violating the city's 15-year-old agreement with the county, which specifies jail perimeters and limits on inmate population. According to the Orange County Register, Hutchens said "she did not believe the proposal would violate the existing agreement with the city because nothing new would be added to the jail." She further stated, "We have no intention of increasing the population above what was discussed (in the agreement)." &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-667193100284183941?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/proposal-house-illegal-immigrants.html' title='Proposal to House Illegal Immigrants in Orange County Jails'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/667193100284183941/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/proposal-house-illegal-immigrants.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/667193100284183941'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/667193100284183941'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/proposal-house-illegal-immigrants.html' title='Proposal to House Illegal Immigrants in Orange County Jails'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S6ERD7vtuJI/AAAAAAAAACk/SAojbeGcYuQ/s72-c/caution.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-1755884347309756002</id><published>2010-03-16T10:22:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-03-16T11:32:35.766-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='criminal-threats'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bruzzo'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='criminal-law'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bomb-scare'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='california'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bomb'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='school'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='penal-code'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county-juvenile-hall'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='huntigton-beach'/><title type='text'>Orange County School Evacuated After Bomb Scare</title><content type='html'>A Huntington Beach High School student, in Orange County California, was arrested March 3, 2010 on two felony charges for possessing an imitation bomb (Penal Code Sections 12301, 12303, 12303.2, and 12303.3) and making criminal threats (Penal Code Section 422). Police were called to the school after a "suspicious" device was found in the student's backpack. Ultimately, the device was found not to be dangerous and the student explained it was simply a prop for a movie he was going to shoot after school. However, students were evacuated to the football stadium and back parking lots and were then dismissed from school for the rest of the day. The suspected student's home was searched pursuant to a search warrant and evidence was seized resulting in the student being booked at Orange County Juvenile Hall. After police investigation, the school will consider its own disciplinary action. The student's name or record will not be released since he is a juvenile whose discipline file is also confidential. Mr. Bruzzo practices only criminal law to include juvenile criminal law. Notably, these charges can also be misdemeanors. (Welfare and Institutions Code Section 602). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here is a March 3rd video from KABC-TV Los Angeles, CA ABC7.com&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;object id="otvPlayer" width="400" height="268"&gt; &lt;param name="movie" value="http://cdn.abclocal.go.com/static/flash/embeddedPlayer/swf/otvEmLoader.swf?version=&amp;station=kabc&amp;section=&amp;mediaId=7309753&amp;cdnRoot=http://cdn.abclocal.go.com&amp;webRoot=http://abclocal.go.com&amp;site=" &gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowNetworking" value="all"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;embed id="otvPlayer" width="400" height="268" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"  allowscriptaccess="always" allownetworking="all" allowfullscreen="true"  src="http://cdn.abclocal.go.com/static/flash/embeddedPlayer/swf/otvEmLoader.swf?version=&amp;station=kabc&amp;section=&amp;mediaId=7309753&amp;cdnRoot=http://cdn.abclocal.go.com&amp;webRoot=http://abclocal.go.com&amp;site="&gt; &lt;/embed&gt; &lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-1755884347309756002?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://cli.gs/law' title='Orange County School Evacuated After Bomb Scare'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/1755884347309756002/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/orange-county-school-bomb-scare.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/1755884347309756002'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/1755884347309756002'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/orange-county-school-bomb-scare.html' title='Orange County School Evacuated After Bomb Scare'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-3572942620446781703</id><published>2010-03-15T11:25:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2010-03-15T11:25:44.354-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='richard-a-econ'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='califorinia'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='california-penal-code'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='criminal-law'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='counterfeit-bills'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='burglary'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='wal-mart'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='lake-forest'/><title type='text'>Counterfeit Bills at Wal-Mart</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S557kl4ZERI/AAAAAAAAACc/ZzH_UesmJ_E/s1600-h/fake%20bill.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="240" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S557kl4ZERI/AAAAAAAAACc/ZzH_UesmJ_E/s320/fake%20bill.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Richard A. Econ of Lake Forest, Orange County, California was arrested on charges of burglary (&lt;a href="http://www.bruzzolaw.com/criminal-charges/theft.html" target="_blank"&gt;California Penal Code Section 459-460&lt;/a&gt;)when he walked into Wal-Mart and tried to buy $100 worth of gift cards with counterfeit bills. The Wal-Mart clerk became suspicious after seeing the money, then called the store manager. The clerk then asked to look at Econ's license in order to detain him while they checked out the money. When it was taking too long, Econ fled the store. Within minutes of a brief foot pursuit, deputies had Econ in custody. The U.S. Secret Service will be conducting further investigations to determine if counterfeit charges apply. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates from the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-3572942620446781703?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://cli.gs/law' title='Counterfeit Bills at Wal-Mart'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/3572942620446781703/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/counterfeit-bills-at-wal-mart.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/3572942620446781703'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/3572942620446781703'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/counterfeit-bills-at-wal-mart.html' title='Counterfeit Bills at Wal-Mart'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S557kl4ZERI/AAAAAAAAACc/ZzH_UesmJ_E/s72-c/fake%20bill.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-2214028352602379126</id><published>2010-03-12T10:51:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-03-12T11:43:13.874-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='treatment-programs'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='crack-cocaine'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='crack'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='powder-cocaine'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='federal-government'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='african-americans'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='congress'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='prisons'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='drug-users'/><title type='text'>Sentencing Guidelines Have Racial Result</title><content type='html'>Congress is in the process of revising the current policy for sentencing of crack cocaine and powder cocaine crimes. The House of Representatives and Senate each have a bill that targets the discrepancy in sentencing for crack and powder cocaine cases. Explained in an article on Find law, 5 grams of crack has a sentence of 5 years while a hundred times more powder cocaine, 500 grams carries the exact same sentence. The policy employed since the late 1980's resulted in tougher sentencing for African American males for low level offenses involving crack, while the powder cocaine group, mostly white males with much larger amounts were doing less time. This policy has been pointed out as being outdated, biased and in need of reform. Some also argue that it would have been more efficient to send drug addicts to treatment programs instead of prison. Crack cocaine is the cheaper form used by the poorer population, while powder cocaine goes for a higher price and is used by more affluent drug users. This socio-economic difference served as another point to argue the unjust sentencing practices espoused by the federal government. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-2214028352602379126?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://cli.gs/law' title='Sentencing Guidelines Have Racial Result'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/2214028352602379126/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/sentencing-guidelines-racial-result.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/2214028352602379126'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/2214028352602379126'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/sentencing-guidelines-racial-result.html' title='Sentencing Guidelines Have Racial Result'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-6643200214277409956</id><published>2010-03-11T10:35:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-03-11T10:35:12.429-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='middle-east'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='students'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='student-visa'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='eamonn-daniel-higgins'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='visa'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='california'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='higgins'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='federal-prison'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='southern-california'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='fraud'/><title type='text'>Student Visa Fraud</title><content type='html'>Eamonn Daniel Higgins has been charged with conspiracy to commit visa fraud for attending ten different schools in Southern California on behalf of dozens of foreign students. The students, mostly from the Middle East, would pay him to sit in class, take exams and write their papers so their visas would stay in effect. They paid as much as $1,500 for course assignments and finals. The special agent in charge of investigations said that this was a "really sophisticated" scheme-- something they'd never seen before. Higgins carried on his plan from 2002 to 2009 and even had employees working for him. Authorities were first made aware of his actions when a wallet was found with seven fake California driver's licenses, all with a photo of Higgins' nephew. Higgins now faces up to five years in federal prison and the 16 students who had hired him have also been arrested and face criminal and immigration consequences. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here is a video from the Orange County Register's ocvarsity.com &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;object id="flashObj" width="425" height="288" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,47,0"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://c.brightcove.com/services/viewer/federated_f9/47552158001?isVid=1&amp;publisherID=987209017" /&gt;&lt;param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" /&gt;&lt;param name="flashVars" value="videoId=70897166001&amp;linkBaseURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocregister.com%2Fnews%2Fhiggins-238119-college-students.html&amp;playerID=47552158001&amp;domain=embed&amp;" /&gt;&lt;param name="base" value="http://admin.brightcove.com" /&gt;&lt;param name="seamlesstabbing" value="false" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="swLiveConnect" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /&gt;&lt;embed src="http://c.brightcove.com/services/viewer/federated_f9/47552158001?isVid=1&amp;publisherID=987209017" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" flashVars="videoId=70897166001&amp;linkBaseURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocregister.com%2Fnews%2Fhiggins-238119-college-students.html&amp;playerID=47552158001&amp;domain=embed&amp;" base="http://admin.brightcove.com" name="flashObj" width="425" height="288" seamlesstabbing="false" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowFullScreen="true" swLiveConnect="true" allowScriptAccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/index.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-6643200214277409956?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://cli.gs/law' title='Student Visa Fraud'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/6643200214277409956/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/student-visa-fraud.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/6643200214277409956'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/6643200214277409956'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/student-visa-fraud.html' title='Student Visa Fraud'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-3229846764066274418</id><published>2010-03-10T09:53:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-03-10T10:35:58.224-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='california-highway-patrol'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='dui'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bruzzo'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='alcohol'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='allen-walters'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='deputy-waters'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county-sheriff'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='laguna-niguel'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='dana-point'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='chp'/><title type='text'>Orange County Sheriff Drives Drunk has Two Collisions in one Night</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S5fcdD7RBGI/AAAAAAAAACY/5NJupG3dhcc/s1600-h/Orange_County,_Ca_Sheriff.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="270" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S5fcdD7RBGI/AAAAAAAAACY/5NJupG3dhcc/s320/Orange_County,_Ca_Sheriff.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Orange County Sheriffs Department is investigating one of their own for suspicion of driving under the influence and crashing into a vehicle. On Monday of this week Orange County Sheriff's Deputy Allen Waters was involved in two collisions. The first incident happened in front of City Hall in Dana Point where deputies were called and took an incident report. It was not explained if the Lexus was parked or what the damage was, but Deputy Waters and the driver were able to go on their way. Within the hour CHP was called to a collision again involving Waters in Laguna Niguel. The California Highway Patrol reported that Waters made an unsafe turn to the right, and the resulting impact sent his car off multiple curbs and then into a Toyota with an elderly couple inside. One of the victims was taken to the hospital. At this collision the CHP reported that the unsafe turn was "...due to Waters' level of intoxication" according to the Orange County Weekly. The Orange County Sheriff's Department will conduct a full investigation. Driving under the influence can be filed as a misdemeanor or a felony. If a driver has three previous convictions and picks up a fourth case in a ten year period then the fourth case can be filed as a felony. Or, if a driver has never had a DUI previously but while driving drunk causes bodily injury to another then that case may be tried as a felony. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A first time misdemeanor DUI carries a maximum punishment of 6 months but most people do no jail time although they must pay a fine, attend an alcohol school and are put on three years of informal probation. A second time DUI within 10 years of a previous DUI has the same punishment except the maximum jail time is 1 year; the actual punishment varies from county to county. In Orange County an individual is looking at between 45-60 days in jail on a second DUI. On a third DUI the minimum punishment is 120 days by law and on a fourth DUI within 10 years of three previous convictions the maximum is 3 years in state prison. There are many possible defenses to driving under the influence. &lt;a href="http://www.bruzzolaw.com/criminal-charges/dui.html" target="_blank"&gt;(See Vehicle Code Sections 23152(a), 23152(b), 23153(a), 23153(b).)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-3229846764066274418?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://cli.gs/law' title='Orange County Sheriff Drives Drunk has Two Collisions in one Night'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/3229846764066274418/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/orange-county-sheriff-drives-drunk.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/3229846764066274418'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/3229846764066274418'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/orange-county-sheriff-drives-drunk.html' title='Orange County Sheriff Drives Drunk has Two Collisions in one Night'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S5fcdD7RBGI/AAAAAAAAACY/5NJupG3dhcc/s72-c/Orange_County,_Ca_Sheriff.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-6665635427551170416</id><published>2010-03-05T10:36:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-03-05T11:21:21.277-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='califonia-law'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bruzzo'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='teenagers'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='parents'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='pictures'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='pennsylvania'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='penal-code'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='sezting'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='nude-pictures'/><title type='text'>Teenagers can be Prosecuted for Sending Nude Pictures of Themselves</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S5FZlRC6YUI/AAAAAAAAACU/1pyXZgAqHWE/s1600-h/sexting.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="320" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S5FZlRC6YUI/AAAAAAAAACU/1pyXZgAqHWE/s320/sexting.jpg" width="213" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Attention has been brought to the practice of "sexting", where teenagers send provocative text messages or revealing pictures via cell phones. This trend has appeared in the news and in episodes of television series. While there is no specific law against teenagers sending explicit photos of themselves, prosecutors are charging individuals with distribution of child pornography based on the subject's status as a minor. To date there has been no effort to prosecute inappropriate written messages. Sexting normally occurs when pictures of nude or semi-nude teenager are sent to another teenager; normally, the teenager posing for the pictures is usually the one taking and sending the photo. Officials are troubled by the possibility that the photo can be distributed to others without the consent of the subject and with the possibility of the minor being exploited. In Pennsylvania a court ruling is being criticized where a judge told a group of teenagers to attend a program on why sexting is wrong or face charges of child pornography. Naturally, the first line of discipline for teenagers is their parents or guardians and it seems like sexting has now become a relevant matter to be discussed at home. (See Penal Code Sections 311, 311.1, 311.2 and 311.3)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-6665635427551170416?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/teenagers-prosecuted-sending-nude.html' title='Teenagers can be Prosecuted for Sending Nude Pictures of Themselves'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/6665635427551170416/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/teenagers-prosecuted-sending-nude.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/6665635427551170416'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/6665635427551170416'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/teenagers-prosecuted-sending-nude.html' title='Teenagers can be Prosecuted for Sending Nude Pictures of Themselves'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S5FZlRC6YUI/AAAAAAAAACU/1pyXZgAqHWE/s72-c/sexting.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-1119728717023003006</id><published>2010-03-04T09:13:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-03-04T09:17:12.127-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='criminal-law'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Will-Bruzzo'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='joseph-mcstay'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='gianni-giuseppe'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='mexican-border'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='family'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='jesi-silveria'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='summer-mcstay'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='missing-family'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='police'/><title type='text'>Orange County Family Disappears Near Mexican Border</title><content type='html'>&lt;table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S4_p9ckd8XI/AAAAAAAAACQ/OFtjb5BQ8GM/s1600-h/mcstay-family-image-03041003-300x225.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S4_p9ckd8XI/AAAAAAAAACQ/OFtjb5BQ8GM/s1600/mcstay-family-image-03041003-300x225.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"&gt;The McStay Family&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The search continues for a missing family of four whose car was found miles from the U.S.-Mexican border in a San Ysidro parking lot. No one has heard or seen from Summer McStay mother of four year old Gianni Giuseppe and three year old Joseph Mateo since February 4th. Her kids and husband Joseph McStay had moved from San Clemente to Fallbrook and were in the process of settling in to their 4 bedroom house. The last person to talk to her was Jesi Silveria a family friend when they had a phone conversation on February 4. Two friends had attempted to communicate with the McStays on different occasions and no one responded. Joseph's brother Michael stopped by to find the house empty and contacted police on the 15th. The police found Summer and Joseph's cell phone in the house and refrigerator items left out. Family and friends hope they find them safe and soon.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Criminal Law Updates for Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here is a report from ABC7 KABC-TV Los Angeles.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;object height="268" id="otvPlayer" width="400"&gt; &lt;param name="movie" value="http://cdn.abclocal.go.com/static/flash/embeddedPlayer/swf/otvEmLoader.swf?version=&amp;station=kabc&amp;section=&amp;mediaId=7301366&amp;cdnRoot=http://cdn.abclocal.go.com&amp;webRoot=http://abclocal.go.com&amp;site=" &gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowNetworking" value="all"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;/param&gt;&lt;embed id="otvPlayer" width="400" height="268" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"  allowscriptaccess="always" allownetworking="all" allowfullscreen="true"  src="http://cdn.abclocal.go.com/static/flash/embeddedPlayer/swf/otvEmLoader.swf?version=&amp;station=kabc&amp;section=&amp;mediaId=7301366&amp;cdnRoot=http://cdn.abclocal.go.com&amp;webRoot=http://abclocal.go.com&amp;site="&gt; &lt;/embed&gt; &lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-1119728717023003006?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/orange-county-family-disappears-mexican.html' title='Orange County Family Disappears Near Mexican Border'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/1119728717023003006/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/orange-county-family-disappears-mexican.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/1119728717023003006'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/1119728717023003006'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/orange-county-family-disappears-mexican.html' title='Orange County Family Disappears Near Mexican Border'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S4_p9ckd8XI/AAAAAAAAACQ/OFtjb5BQ8GM/s72-c/mcstay-family-image-03041003-300x225.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-7811753821834877144</id><published>2010-03-03T08:33:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-03-03T08:56:49.638-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-country-register'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='illegal-fireworks'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='taggers'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='matt-fertal'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='tagging'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='garden-grove'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='juvenile'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='prosecution'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='graffiti'/><title type='text'>Administrative Fines for Tagging in Orange County City</title><content type='html'>&lt;table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S46PBeEX5bI/AAAAAAAAACM/c9b4437-SNg/s1600-h/oc_tagger.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="320" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S46PBeEX5bI/AAAAAAAAACM/c9b4437-SNg/s320/oc_tagger.jpg" width="230" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px;"&gt;The tagger poster has been made available by the City of Santa Ana, in Orange County, California.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Garden Grove, Orange County, taggers will now be fined up to $1,000 for possession of graffiti instruments. The city will even make parents pay, if the tagger is a juvenile. The issuance of these citations will be starting March 1st. According to the Orange County Register, City Manager Matt Fertal said administrative fines are a "tried and tested tactic for Garden Grove." In the recent past, citations for illegal fireworks proved to be very effective after a city ordinance was passed allowing law enforcement to issue administrative citations to those shooting off illegal fireworks. Fertal also notes that the fines are a quicker more efficient way to handle these less serious offenses. Money collected from these fines will help pay for wiping out all the graffiti that's already been done. In other Orange County cities, taggers face criminal prosecution (and suspension of their license if convicted) in the court system rather than administrative fines, so Garden Grove taggers should count themselves lucky. &lt;a href="http://www.bruzzolaw.com/criminal-charges/vandalism.html" target="_blank"&gt;(See also Penal Code Section 594, Vandalism and Penal Code Section 594.2, Possession of Vandalism Tools)&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-7811753821834877144?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/administrative-fines-tagging-orange.html' title='Administrative Fines for Tagging in Orange County City'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/7811753821834877144/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/administrative-fines-tagging-orange.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/7811753821834877144'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/7811753821834877144'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/administrative-fines-tagging-orange.html' title='Administrative Fines for Tagging in Orange County City'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S46PBeEX5bI/AAAAAAAAACM/c9b4437-SNg/s72-c/oc_tagger.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-139677484533116013</id><published>2010-03-02T10:52:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-03-02T10:58:37.384-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='irvine'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bruzzo'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='criminal-law'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='stolen-goods'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='cypress'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='robbery'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='armed-robbery'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='suspect'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='penal-code'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='kohls'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='police'/><title type='text'>Robbery at Kohl's in Orange County</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S41fjSolRwI/AAAAAAAAACI/JFBiRWC930I/s1600-h/kohls.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="251" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S41fjSolRwI/AAAAAAAAACI/JFBiRWC930I/s320/kohls.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A second Orange County Kohl's store was robbed in a period of just two days. The first Kohl's robbery occurred in Cypress where the suspects are still at large. The first robbery involved two women who stole $520.00 worth of cologne and silver jewelry. The second robbery involved a man who used a weapon to steal jewelry from the Irvine Kohl's. No gun, however, was ever recovered. Police utilized a "reverse 911 call" to warn Irvine residents to stay indoors as police searched for the suspect on the afternoon of February 25th. Two schools were also locked down. Police have now apprehended a suspect who they believe to be the one who carried out the armed robbery (Penal Code Sections 211 and &lt;a href="http://www.bruzzolaw.com/criminal-charges/assault-battery.html" target="_blank"&gt;245(a)&lt;/a&gt; (1)). He was found walking in the courtyard of an apartment community in Irvine. No estimate of the stolen goods has yet been given. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-139677484533116013?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/robbery-kohls-orange-county.html' title='Robbery at Kohl&apos;s in Orange County'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/139677484533116013/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/robbery-kohls-orange-county.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/139677484533116013'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/139677484533116013'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/robbery-kohls-orange-county.html' title='Robbery at Kohl&apos;s in Orange County'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S41fjSolRwI/AAAAAAAAACI/JFBiRWC930I/s72-c/kohls.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-5586788185665169419</id><published>2010-03-01T10:45:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-03-01T12:28:56.032-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='dependency-proceedings'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='domestic-violence'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='parenting'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='cps'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='children'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='charlie-sheen'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='los-angeles'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='child-protective-services'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='sheens'/><title type='text'>Charlie Sheen Receives Visit from Child Protective Services</title><content type='html'>&lt;table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S4wKmPyor7I/AAAAAAAAACE/QM4B9PWC9Vk/s1600-h/alg_charlie-sheen_brooke-mueller.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="246" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S4wKmPyor7I/AAAAAAAAACE/QM4B9PWC9Vk/s320/alg_charlie-sheen_brooke-mueller.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"&gt;Weiss for News&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Charlie Sheen and his wife received a visit from Child Protective Services (CPS) at their home in Los Angeles. The reason for the home visit by authorities was a result of an alleged domestic violence incident which occurred near a ski resort in Colorado. After domestic violence incidents it is not uncommon for CPS to visit the home to insure the safety of the children who live there. The Sheens have two infant sons and Mr. Sheen has two other children from a previous relationship. After an official visit like this one CPS can decide to take no action or they may institute Dependency Proceedings, wherein the courts assess whether the parenting skills of the parents are sufficient for the children to remain in the home. In extreme cases the children can be removed from the parent and placed with a family member or in foster case. In the case of the Sheens it appears no action was taken by CPS. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.bruzzolaw.com/criminal-charges/domestic-violence.html" target="_blank"&gt;Penal Code Sections 273.5, 243(e) (1), 273a (b).&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-5586788185665169419?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/charlie-sheen-child-protective-services.html' title='Charlie Sheen Receives Visit from Child Protective Services'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/5586788185665169419/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/charlie-sheen-child-protective-services.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/5586788185665169419'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/5586788185665169419'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/03/charlie-sheen-child-protective-services.html' title='Charlie Sheen Receives Visit from Child Protective Services'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S4wKmPyor7I/AAAAAAAAACE/QM4B9PWC9Vk/s72-c/alg_charlie-sheen_brooke-mueller.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-3512336719589365582</id><published>2010-02-26T11:03:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-02-26T11:12:51.368-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='american-safe-access'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='organica'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='criminal-law'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='medical-marijuana'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='grow-marijuana'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='marijuana'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='dispensaries'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='los-angeles'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='over-the-counter'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='collectives'/><title type='text'>Medical Marijuana: Should Its Distribution Be Stopped?</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S4ga9SzKzvI/AAAAAAAAACA/cdAdLGssxAg/s1600-h/mcbruzzo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="320" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S4ga9SzKzvI/AAAAAAAAACA/cdAdLGssxAg/s320/mcbruzzo.jpg" width="319" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;According to The Orange County Register, the Los Angeles City Attorney is trying to legally force three dispensaries to stop selling marijuana for medical purposes. Specifically, the city prosecutor's office is trying to get injunctions to force Organica and two Holistic Caregivers stores to stop all their over-the-counter sales. The City Attorney states that the law only authorizes "collectives" to grow marijuana and recover their costs, not to sell it.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Americans for Safe Access, an organization that supports medical marijuana, has repeatedly assisted these dispensaries in their legal battles against the City Attorney. Joe Elford, chief counsel for the organization stated that "the city attorney's legal arguments are horribly flawed and have no basis in law." He also accused the City Attorney and the District Attorney of taking action before the dispensaries even had time to comply with the city's ordinance. Chief Deputy City Attorney, William Carter said that they are simply "enforcing the existing local and state laws as [they've] been doing for a long time" and therefore will not withdraw these lawsuits. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-3512336719589365582?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/02/medical-marijuana-distribution-stopped.html' title='Medical Marijuana: Should Its Distribution Be Stopped?'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/3512336719589365582/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/02/medical-marijuana-distribution-stopped.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/3512336719589365582'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/3512336719589365582'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/02/medical-marijuana-distribution-stopped.html' title='Medical Marijuana: Should Its Distribution Be Stopped?'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S4ga9SzKzvI/AAAAAAAAACA/cdAdLGssxAg/s72-c/mcbruzzo.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-4720812186525591604</id><published>2010-02-25T10:06:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-02-25T10:20:28.689-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='irvine'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='students'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='palestinian'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='penal-code'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='middle-east'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='uci'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='university'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='us-constitution'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='california'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='university-california'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='free-speech'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='michael-oren'/><title type='text'>Constitutional or Discourteous?</title><content type='html'>Last week Michael Oren gave a speech at University of California, Irvine in Orange County, California, describing the issues he faced as Israeli ambassador. His speech was interrupted multiple times from members of the audience that did not agree with him. A video posted online showed the interruptions occurring roughly every ten minutes. Professor Petracca of the Political Science department expresses his impatience with the outbursts and called out "Shame on you!" when he took the podium to control the ruckus caused by the interruptions. He told the audience that this behavior is not appropriate for University of California students. The spirit of the event as explained by Professor Petracca and Chancellor Drake was to provide a forum for an exchange of ideas and discussion on the Middle East situation. They said that a better way for the UCI Muslim Student Union (the group expressing their dissatisfaction with the speaker) to express their disagreement would be by presenting the ambassador with questions at the end of his talk. University officials were likely embarrassed by the students' conduct. The MSU has put on its share of displays on campus denouncing Israeli occupation and their tactics and the tolls it takes on the Palestinian community. Indubitably the University would have preferred picketing outside the speaking venue. Yet it's important to remember that a marginalized group may feel that working within the accepted modes of expression is not effective. The outbursts managed to successfully interrupt Oren from talking, but did not communicate any counter point. Some people present complained that UCI should have taken better measures to control the crowd and that the outbursts made UCI look bad. Notably, as soon as a person yelled out they were escorted out of the auditorium. The position that UCI takes on the incident is that expression is permitted within certain limits dictated by place and time. It is unclear if the students will be charged criminally. If they are they can be charged with disturbing the peace under Penal Code section 415 (2); this penal code section prohibits using "loud and unreasonable" noise. Despite the strong protection of Free Speech in the U.S. Constitution it does appear that the manner in which the students sought to protest the ambassador fell outside the protection of the constitution. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here is a video from OCRegister.com&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;object id="flashObj" width="425" height="288" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,47,0"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://c.brightcove.com/services/viewer/federated_f9/47552158001?isVid=1&amp;publisherID=987209017" /&gt;&lt;param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" /&gt;&lt;param name="flashVars" value="videoId=65670603001&amp;playerID=47552158001&amp;domain=embed&amp;" /&gt;&lt;param name="base" value="http://admin.brightcove.com" /&gt;&lt;param name="seamlesstabbing" value="false" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="swLiveConnect" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /&gt;&lt;embed src="http://c.brightcove.com/services/viewer/federated_f9/47552158001?isVid=1&amp;publisherID=987209017" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" flashVars="videoId=65670603001&amp;playerID=47552158001&amp;domain=embed&amp;" base="http://admin.brightcove.com" name="flashObj" width="425" height="288" seamlesstabbing="false" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowFullScreen="true" swLiveConnect="true" allowScriptAccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/index.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-4720812186525591604?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/02/constitutional-or-discourteous.html' title='Constitutional or Discourteous?'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/4720812186525591604/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/02/constitutional-or-discourteous.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/4720812186525591604'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/4720812186525591604'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/02/constitutional-or-discourteous.html' title='Constitutional or Discourteous?'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-6183283061742682615</id><published>2010-02-19T10:37:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-02-19T11:11:01.481-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='kevin-peterson'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='early-release'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='jails'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='lawsuits'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='loren-mcmaster'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county-sheriff'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='los-angeles'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='inmates'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='sacramento'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='prison'/><title type='text'>Orange County Deputies bring Lawsuit to Stop Early Release of Inmates</title><content type='html'>The union representing around 1,800 deputies with the Orange County Sheriff's Department filed a lawsuit on February 16, 2010 to stop the early release of inmates from Orange County jails. This lawsuit, modeled after the one filed in Sacramento County, is the second one of its kind. In the Sacramento case, the judge issued a temporary restraining order halting the release of inmates under the new state law SB X3 18. Superior Court Judge Loren E. McMaster ruled that "the law was intended for state, not county inmates, and that the release of inmates into the streets while the number of deputies is being reduced is a 'formula for disaster'" (Orange County Register). Attorneys representing the union argued that the state law, which went into effect January 25th, was meant to affect state prisons only, not county jails. Between January 25th and February 9th, 311 inmates have been released early from Orange County jails. Other counties, such as Los Angeles, are applying the law differently and in turn not releasing any inmates early. In the present suit, attorneys have also cited an inmate who was released early from Sacramento County jail on charges of assault with a deadly weapon who then went on to attempt to rape a woman just hours after his release. Kevin Peterson's case is commonly referred to by law enforcement officials when stating opposition to this new law. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This story is covered in the OCinTwo Video (by the Orange County Register)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;object id="flashObj" width="425" height="288" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=9,0,47,0"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://c.brightcove.com/services/viewer/federated_f9/47552158001?isVid=1&amp;publisherID=987209017" /&gt;&lt;param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" /&gt;&lt;param name="flashVars" value="videoId=67014449001&amp;linkBaseURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocregister.com%2Farticles%2Fcounty-234618-law-inmates.html&amp;playerID=47552158001&amp;domain=embed&amp;" /&gt;&lt;param name="base" value="http://admin.brightcove.com" /&gt;&lt;param name="seamlesstabbing" value="false" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="swLiveConnect" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /&gt;&lt;embed src="http://c.brightcove.com/services/viewer/federated_f9/47552158001?isVid=1&amp;publisherID=987209017" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" flashVars="videoId=67014449001&amp;linkBaseURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocregister.com%2Farticles%2Fcounty-234618-law-inmates.html&amp;playerID=47552158001&amp;domain=embed&amp;" base="http://admin.brightcove.com" name="flashObj" width="425" height="288" seamlesstabbing="false" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowFullScreen="true" swLiveConnect="true" allowScriptAccess="always" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/index.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-6183283061742682615?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://cli.gs/law' title='Orange County Deputies bring Lawsuit to Stop Early Release of Inmates'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/6183283061742682615/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/02/orange-county-deputies-lawsuit-stop.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/6183283061742682615'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/6183283061742682615'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/02/orange-county-deputies-lawsuit-stop.html' title='Orange County Deputies bring Lawsuit to Stop Early Release of Inmates'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-5060359889922232264</id><published>2010-02-18T10:22:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-02-18T10:34:05.040-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='murder'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bruzzo'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='criminal-law'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='nelson'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='phillipe-zamora'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county-superior-court'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='fortune-teller'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='zamora'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='death-penalty'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='defendant'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='tanya-jamie-nelson'/><title type='text'>Fortune Teller Murder Orange County</title><content type='html'>A death penalty hearing is set for Tanya Jaime Nelson in Orange County Superior Court; she was convicted of two counts of first-degree murder for stabbing Ha "Jade" Smith and her daughter Anita Vo. The motive for the murders was that Ha Smith a fortune teller, told Nelson she would do better by moving her business to North Carolina. In the end Nelson's business relocation failed and she lost her house. Her co-defendant Phillipe Zamora who was also charged with two counts of first-degree murder, agreed to testify against Nelson in exchange for a 50 year to life prison sentence, avoiding the death penalty. Zamora testified he agreed to travel with Nelson to Orange County because she would in turn introduce him to gay sexual partners according to the Orange County Register. He described the April 21, 2005 incident in which he and Nelson were at the victim's home, which doubled as her place of business. He explained how his co-defendant stabbed Vo which made Smith scream and Nelson yell "Don't let her scream!" Zamora's reaction was to hit Smith with a wine bottle and once on the floor stabbed her with two knives. Before leaving the residence Nelson took some jewelry, credit cards and money. In the end the stolen credit cards she used led to her arrest in addition to police finding she had a scheduled appointment on the day of the murders. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here is a link to a CBS2/KCAL9 &lt;a href="http://www.cbs2.com/video/?id=127763@kcbs.dayport.com"target="_blank"&gt;News Report&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-5060359889922232264?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://cli.gs/law' title='Fortune Teller Murder Orange County'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/5060359889922232264/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/02/fortune-teller-murder-orange-county.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/5060359889922232264'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/5060359889922232264'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/02/fortune-teller-murder-orange-county.html' title='Fortune Teller Murder Orange County'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-615987006854275471.post-4941895632297103877</id><published>2010-02-17T10:02:00.000-08:00</published><updated>2010-02-17T10:09:12.118-08:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='peterson'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='doctors'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='bruzzo'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='health-care'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='daryn-wayne-peterson'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='california'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='insurance'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='orange-county-jail'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='medicine'/><title type='text'>Fake Doctor Sentenced to 9 Months in Orange County Jail</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S3wvAzwchyI/AAAAAAAAAB4/Q2BCfzsTLok/s1600-h/darynwayne.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="180" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S3wvAzwchyI/AAAAAAAAAB4/Q2BCfzsTLok/s320/darynwayne.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Daryn Wayne Peterson was recently sentenced to 9 months in the Orange County Jail for 'playing doctor' and claiming to heal cancer and AIDS with natural remedies. He treated patients from his Orange County home, telling them he had a doctorate from Canterbury University when he held no license to practice medicine in the state of California. He even encouraged his patients to cancel their health insurance policies.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Last December, Peterson pleaded guilty to four charges: (1) Unauthorized practice of medicine (B&amp;amp;P Section 2052(a)), (2) Operating a health care service plan without a license (H&amp;amp;S Section1349), (3) Offering an unapproved drug for cancer treatment (H&amp;amp;S Section109300), (4) Selling misbranded food (H&amp;amp;S Section110760). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Peterson has also been banned from working in the medical field and will not be selling vitamins and drugs for five years. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Criminal Law Updates by the Law Offices of William W. Bruzzo (714) 547-4636&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here is a sample of Mr. Peterson's video advertisements:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;object height="339" width="420"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://www.dailymotion.com/swf/xam6xt" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /&gt;&lt;embed src="http://www.dailymotion.com/swf/xam6xt" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="420" height="339" allowFullScreen="true" allowScriptAccess="always"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dailymotion.com/swf/xam6xt"&gt;Dr. Daryn Peterson (Fake Doctor??) &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;by &lt;a href="http://www.dailymotion.com/xdj70s"&gt;xdj70s&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/615987006854275471-4941895632297103877?l=www.bruzzolaw.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='related' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/02/fake-doctor-sentenced-orange-county.html' title='Fake Doctor Sentenced to 9 Months in Orange County Jail'/><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/4941895632297103877/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/02/fake-doctor-sentenced-orange-county.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/4941895632297103877'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/615987006854275471/posts/default/4941895632297103877'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.bruzzolaw.com/blog/2010/02/fake-doctor-sentenced-orange-county.html' title='Fake Doctor Sentenced to 9 Months in Orange County Jail'/><author><name>Will Bruzzo</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/12540571930028070967</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='03932407647592540843'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_vF8r-kutn8w/S3wvAzwchyI/AAAAAAAAAB4/Q2BCfzsTLok/s72-c/darynwayne.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total><georss:point>33.7455731 -117.8678338</georss:point></entry></feed>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 